Everything about Disulfide totally explained
In
chemistry, a
disulfide usually refers to the structural unit composed of a linked pair of sulfur atoms. The disulfide
anion is S
22−. The term
disulfide can also refer to a
chemical compound that contains a
disulfide center, such as
diphenyl disulfide, C
6H
5S-SC
6H
5.
Sulfur is usually assigned to the
reduced oxidation number −2, described as S
2− and called
sulfide. It has the electron configuration of a
noble gas (
argon).
In disulfides, sulfur is only reduced to a state with oxidation number −1. Its configuration then resembles that of
chlorine and, like it, has the tendency to form a covalent bond with another S
− ion to form a disulfide (S
2)
2− group.
Oxygen can also do this; for example in
peroxides such as H
2O
2. In many cases, each of the two sulfur atoms in a disulfide group is covalently bonded to a carbon atom in an
organic compound, forming a
disulfide bond, sometimes called a
disulfide linkage or a
disulfide bridge.
The tendency is a bit more elaborate in the case of sulfur, which can form
polysulfides.
Some examples
|
|
|
|
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| FeS2 unit cell |
S2Cl2 |
cystine |
lipoic acid |
Ph2S2 |
Misnomers
Disulfide is also used to refer to compounds that contain two sulfide (S
2−) centers. The compound
carbon disulfide, CS
2 is described with the structural formula for example S=C=S. This molecule isn't a disulfide in the sense that it lacks a S-S bond. Similarly,
molybdenum disulfide, MoS
2, isn't a disulfide in the sense again that its sulfur atoms are not linked.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Disulfide'.
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